DEFINITIONS AND KEY POINTS

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TERMS	DEFINITIONS
Matter	Anything that occupies space and has mass is called
Mass	The amount of matter in an object is called Mass
Element	The chemical substances that in ordinary chemical reactions cannot break down into simpler units are called element.

	fitom		The smallest part of an element that can enter into a chemical reaction is called atom.
,	Atomic number		The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of one of its atoms.
	Atomic mass		The atomic mass is equal to the number of neutrons and protons in the atom’s nucleus.
	Isotopes		The different forms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses are isotopes.
E	shell ergy level or		The electrons of an atom are distributed around its nucleus in orbital called energy-level shells or clouds of electrons .
	Compound		A compound is composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions.
	Covalent bond		The chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons is called covalent bond.
	Hydrogen bonding ,		The electrostatic force of attraction between ---------------------------- ---------------------------- electronegative atom and partially positively charged hydrogen atom is called hydrogen boding.
		Hydrogen bonding	The electrostatic force of attraction between electronegative atom and partially positively charged hydrogen ‘atom is called hydrogen boding.
		Electrolytes	A substance that conducts electricity in solution form is called electrolytes.
Bu		er	The substance which resists change in pH is called buffer.
Ca		tohydrates	Polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketones are called carbohydrate.
Lipids			Lipids are nonpolar organic molecules that are insoluble in polar water but soluble in nonpolar organic solvents like ether, alcohol, and chloroform. •
Fatty		acids	Fatty acids contain long hydrocarbon chains bonded to,. carboxyl (COOH) groups.
Fats			Fats are esters of fatty acids and glycerol.

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