abida Archive
RESPIRATION Animals require a constant supply of energy. This energy performs biological work. The ATP provides this energy. All animals can generate ATP by breaking down organic nutrients. These nutrients are carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Energy is released during respiration. This energy is used
Four options are given at the end of each statement. You should encircle one option from them. The chief source of energy is:a) Potential (b) solar (c) Chemical (d) Kinetic The energy present in food is: ,a) Potential (b) solar (c) Kinetic (d) None
What is energy? Give its forms. How is it measured? Discuss laws of thermodynamics. Write note on activation energy. Write note on enzyme. Give structure of enzyme. Describe function of enzyme. Describe the factors affecting the enzymes. Write note on cofactors and coenzymes. Give
TERMS DEFINITIONS Energy The capacity, to do work is called energy. Work Work is the transfer of energy. Thermodynamics The study of energy is called thermodynamics kilocalorie A kilocalorie (Kcal) is the amount of heat necessary to raise 1
Animals make ATP in two ways: Substrate level phosphorylation The synthesis of ATP during reaction of glycolysis and Krebs cycle is called substrate level phosphorylation. ATP formation from ADP and phosphate requires input of energy. The reaction is coupled with an exergonic reaction. So
The major energy L.:rrency of all cells is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP plays a central ro:(.. ( energy currency in all organisms. So it appeared early in the iNstor. .M ife e ability of ATP to store and release energy depends on the uct.irr.
Cofactors The metal ions which are loosely attached with the enzymes are called cofactors. These metal ions are Ca-2, mg-2, mn-2, 2, Cu” and Zr12. These metal ions change a nonfunctioning active site to a functioning one. The attachment of a cofactor changes the
An enzyme is a biological catalyst that can accelerate a specific chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy but remain unaltered in the process. Most enzymes are proteins. Some are nucleic acids (RNA) like nbozymes. Enzymes have enormous catalytic power. They greatly increase the
Th re are two laws of thermodynamics: First law of thermodynamics It i also called the law of energy conservation. It states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only be transformed from one form to another. For example, electrical energy
WHAT IS ENERGY? The capacity to do work is called energy. Work is the transfer of energy. Energy can also be transformed. For example, a plant can transform solar energy into chemical energy. The plant can then be burned in a steam generator. Thus
